{"id":274,"date":"2024-04-23T20:13:13","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T20:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/siglo21.cr.sinlimitescr.xyz\/?p=274"},"modified":"2025-06-04T19:39:56","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T01:39:56","slug":"cancer-de-prostata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siglo21.cr\/eng\/2024\/04\/23\/cancer-de-prostata\/","title":{"rendered":"Prostate cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Prostate cancer<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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What is prostate cancer?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer among men in the United States, and according to the incidence in Costa Rica between the period from 2000 to 2015, prostate cancer was also the most common in men, followed by skin, stomach, colon and lung.<\/p>\n

The prostate is a gland that only men have, therefore it belongs to the male reproductive system, it is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Prostate cancer occurs when prostate cells begin to grow out of control.<\/p>

Learn more in the following section.<\/b><\/u><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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HOW CAN PROSTATE CANCER BE DIAGNOSE?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The most common tests for prostate cancer are:\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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RECTAL TOUCH:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

It consists of an examination in which the doctor wears a lubricated glove and palpates the prostate through the rectal wall via the rectum, searching for nodules or abnormal areas. The prostate gland is located immediately in front of the rectum, and most cancers begin in the back part of the gland, which can be felt during a rectal exam.\u00a0<\/p>

PROSTATE ANTIGEN TEST:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

It measures the level of the\u00a0Prostate Specific Antigen<\/strong>a protein found in a man's blood, produced by the prostate gland.<\/p>

The likelihood of having prostate cancer increases as the PSA level rises.\u00a0Most men without prostate cancer have PSA levels less than 4 ng\/mL of blood<\/strong>When prostate cancer develops, the PSA level often rises above 4. A level below 4 ng\/mL does NOT guarantee that a man does not have cancer.\"\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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PROSTATE BIOPSY:\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>

The doctor obtains tissue from the gland to determine if cancer cells are present. This test is the only way to know for sure if a man has prostate cancer.<\/p>

If prostate cancer is found in the biopsy, it will be assigned a grade. The grade of the cancer is based on how abnormal the cancer looks under the microscope. This test will confirm the cancer diagnosis and give us an idea of the tumor volume and aggressiveness. The Gleason score, which has been used for many years, assigns grades by comparing the cancer with normal prostate tissue.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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SYMPTOMS:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Need to urinate often, especially at night<\/p>

Difficulty starting or stopping urine stream<\/p>

Difficulty urinating<\/p>

Dripping urine when laughing or coughing<\/p>

Blood in urine or semen<\/p>

A dull pain or stiffness in your lower back, ribs, or upper thighs<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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TREATMENT<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Among the techniques that are used and provided in 21st Century Radiotherapy are:<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>

INTENSITY MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY (IMRT): <\/span><\/h3>

It allows varying (scaling) the RT dose and intensity during therapy. It reduces side effects and facilitates treatment when pelvic lymph nodes need to be included in the field.<\/p>

This technique uses a machine that moves around the patient as it emits radiation. In addition to setting up the beams and directing them to the prostate from various angles, the intensity of the beams can be adjusted to limit the radiation doses reaching the surrounding normal tissues. This allows doctors to deliver an even higher dose of radiation to the cancer. Conozca m\u00e1s de esta t\u00e9cnica.<\/a><\/p>

STEREOTAXIC RADIOTHERAPY (SBRT):\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

It consists of administering a high dose of irradiation to the prostate using complex and precise radiotherapy techniques. Currently, early stages can be treated with this radiotherapy technique in just 5 days in our center with greater precision without increasing the side effects of the treatment. <\/span>Learn more about this treatment technique<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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IMAGE GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY (IGRT):\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>

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It also allows the administration of higher doses of external radiotherapy by using advanced imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging or an integrated imaging scanner.<\/p>

This advancement allows the doctor to take images of the prostate just before delivering radiation to make minor adjustments in the direction of the beams. This helps administer radiation even more precisely, leading to fewer side effects. It is a novel technique currently used in our medical center.<\/p>

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ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE:<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>

For very low risk and low risk stages. If you and your doctor agree that active surveillance is a good idea, your treatment will include regular doctor visits and blood tests to measure prostate-specific antigen (PSA).<\/p>

If the cancer grows or your condition changes, your doctor may start treatment<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1ncer de Pr\u00f3stata \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata? El c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata es el segundo tipo de c\u00e1ncer m\u00e1s com\u00fan entre los hombres en los Estados Unidos, y de acuerdo a la incidencia en Costa Rica entre el periodo comprendido desde el a\u00f1o 2000 a 2015, tambi\u00e9n fue el c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata el m\u00e1s frecuente en varones, seguido por el de piel, estomago, colon y pulm\u00f3n. La pr\u00f3stata es una gl\u00e1ndula que s\u00f3lo tienen los hombres por lo tanto pertenece al sistema reproductor masculino, est\u00e1 localizada justo debajo de la vejiga y delante del recto. El c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata se origina cuando las c\u00e9lulas de la pr\u00f3stata comienzan a crecer fuera de control. Conoc\u00e9 m\u00e1s en el siguiente apartado \u00bfC\u00d3MO SE PUEDE DIAGNOSTICAR EL C\u00c1NCER DE PR\u00d3STATA? Los ex\u00e1menes m\u00e1s comunes para el c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata son: TACTO RECTAL:\u00a0 Consiste en un examen mediante el cual el m\u00e9dico se coloca un guante lubricado y por v\u00eda rectal palpa la pr\u00f3stata a trav\u00e9s de la pared rectal en busca de n\u00f3dulos o \u00e1reas anormales. La gl\u00e1ndula prost\u00e1tica se encuentra inmediatamente delante del recto, y la mayor\u00eda de los c\u00e1nceres comienzan en la parte posterior de la gl\u00e1ndula, lo que se puede palpar durante un examen del recto.\u00a0 PRUEBA DE ANT\u00cdGENO PROST\u00c1TICO:\u00a0 Mide el nivel del\u00a0ant\u00edgeno prost\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico, una prote\u00edna que se encuentra en la sangre de un hombre, producida por la gl\u00e1ndula prost\u00e1tica. La probabilidad de tener c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata aumenta a medida que el nivel de PSA sube.\u00a0La mayor\u00eda de los hombres sin c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata tiene niveles de PSA menores a 4 ng\/mL de sangre. Cuando se forma el c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata, el nivel de PSA a menudo aumenta a m\u00e1s de 4, un nivel por debajo de 4 ng\/ml NO garantiza que un hombre no tenga c\u00e1ncer.\u00a0 BIOPSIA DE LA PR\u00d3STATA:\u00a0 El m\u00e9dico obtiene tejido de la gl\u00e1ndula para determinar si hay c\u00e9lulas cancerosas presentes.\u00a0 Esta prueba es la \u00fanica forma de saber con seguridad si un hombre tiene c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata. Si se encuentra c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata en la biopsia, se le asignar\u00e1 un grado. El grado del c\u00e1ncer se basa en qu\u00e9 tan anormal se observa el c\u00e1ncer al microscopio. Esta prueba permitir\u00e1 confirmar el diagn\u00f3stico de c\u00e1ncer y nos dar\u00e1 idea del volumen tumoral y el grado de agresividad puntuaci\u00f3n Gleason la cual ha estado en uso durante muchos a\u00f1os, asigna grados al comparar el c\u00e1ncer con el tejido prost\u00e1tico normal. S\u00cdNTOMAS:\u00a0 Necesidad de orinar a menudo, especialmente de noche Dificultad para comenzar o detener el chorro de orina Dificultad para orinar Gotear orina al re\u00edrse o al toser Sangre en la orina o en el semen Un dolor sordo o rigidez en la espalda baja, las costillas o la parte superior de los muslos. TRATAMIENTO Dentro de las t\u00e9cnicas que se utilizan y brindamos en Radioterapia Siglo XXI se encuentran: RADIOTERAPIA DE INTENSIDAD MODULADA (IMRT): Permite variar (escalar) la dosis de RT y la intensidad durante la terapia. Reduce los efectos secundarios y facilita el tratamiento cuando hay que incluir los ganglios linf\u00e1ticos p\u00e9lvicos en el campo. Esta t\u00e9cnica emplea una m\u00e1quina que se mueve alrededor del paciente a medida que emite la radiaci\u00f3n. Adem\u00e1s de configurar los rayos y dirigirlos a la pr\u00f3stata desde varios \u00e1ngulos, la intensidad de los rayos puede ser ajustada para limitar las dosis de radiaci\u00f3n que llegan a los tejidos normales adyacentes. Esto permite que los m\u00e9dicos suministren una dosis de radiaci\u00f3n incluso m\u00e1s elevada al c\u00e1ncer. Conozca m\u00e1s de esta t\u00e9cnica. RADIOTERAPIA ESTEREOT\u00c1XICA (SBRT):\u00a0 Consiste en administrar una dosis elevada de irradiaci\u00f3n a nivel de la pr\u00f3stata mediante t\u00e9cnicas de radioterapia complejas y precisas. Actualmente los estadios tempranos pueden ser tratados con esta t\u00e9cnica de radioterapia en tan solo 5 d\u00edas en nuestro centro con una mayor precisi\u00f3n sin aumentar los efectos secundarios del tratamiento. Conozca m\u00e1s de esta t\u00e9cnica de tratamiento RADIOTERAPIA GUIADA POR IM\u00c1GENES (IGRT):\u00a0 \u00a0 Permite tambi\u00e9n la administraci\u00f3n de dosis m\u00e1s altas de radioterapia externa mediante la utilizaci\u00f3n de t\u00e9cnicas de imagen avanzada como la resonancia magn\u00e9tica o un esc\u00e1ner de im\u00e1genes integrado. Este adelanto le permite al m\u00e9dico tomar fotograf\u00edas de la pr\u00f3stata justo antes de administrar la radiaci\u00f3n para hacer ajustes menores en la direcci\u00f3n de los rayos. Esto contribuye a administrar la radiaci\u00f3n incluso de forma m\u00e1s precisa, lo que conduce a menos efectos secundarios y es una t\u00e9cnica novedosa que se aplica en nuestro centro m\u00e9dico actualmente. \u00a0 VIGILANCIA ACTIVA:\u00a0 Para estadios de muy bajo riesgo y bajo riesgo, si usted y su m\u00e9dico est\u00e1n de acuerdo en que la vigilancia activa es una buena idea, su tratamiento incluir\u00e1 visitas regulares al m\u00e9dico y pruebas de sangre para medir el ant\u00edgeno prost\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico (PSA). Si el c\u00e1ncer crece o si su condici\u00f3n cambia, su m\u00e9dico puede comenzar el tratamiento.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":275,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tipos-cancer"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1ncer de Pr\u00f3stata - SigloXXI - Centro Me\u0301dico de Radioterapia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Se\u00f1ales de alerta, s\u00edntomas y tratamientos. 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