Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the prostate gland, a small organ located below the bladder that produces part of the seminal fluid.
It is one of the most common cancers in men, especially those over 50. Detecting it early greatly increases the chances of cure.

Why is it so common?

Prostate cancer is so common because the prostatelike other body tissues, undergoes changes with age and is influenced by hormonal and genetic factors that increase the risk of abnormal cell growth.

The main Reasons for Its High Frequency are:

1. Aging
   • It is a cancer associated with age.
   • Most cases are diagnosed in men over 50, and the risk increases significantly after 65.
   • This is due to the accumulation of mutations in the DNA of cells over the years.
2. Hormonal Influence
   • The prostate depends on testosterone and other male hormones (androgens) to function.
   • Over time, changes in hormone levels and metabolism can promote the growth of abnormal cells.
3. Genetic and Family Factors
   • Tener un padre o hermano con cáncer de próstata doubles or even triples the risk
   • Some inherited genes, such as mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the likelihood of developing this cancer.
4. Greater Detection Thanks to Preventive Medicine
   • The widespread use of tests such as PSA PSA (prostate-specific antigen) and digital rectal examination makes it possible to detect tumors that previously went unnoticed.
   • This has increased reported numbers, although many cases are localized and slow-growing.
5. Lifestyle and Environmental Factors
   • High-fat diets, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and exposure to certain chemical compounds may contribute, although the link is not always direct.

In summary: Prostate cancer is common because it combines a high risk factor related to age and hormones, with today’s greater diagnostic capacity. The good news is that when detected early, control and cure rates are very high.

What Are the Warning Signs of Prostate Cancer?

In its early stages, prostate cancer may not cause any symptoms. However, some warning signs include:

• Difficulty urinating or weak urine flow.
• Frequent need to urinate, especially at night.
• Pain or burning during urination.
• Blood in the urine or semen.
• Pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis.

Important: These symptoms may also be caused by benign prostate conditions, but they should always be evaluated by a urologist.

What Treatments Are Available for Prostate Cancer?

Treatment will depend on the stage of the disease, the patient’s age, overall health, and personal preferences. The main options include:

1. Active surveillance (when the tumor is very small and slow-growing).
2. Surgery (radical prostatectomy).
3. Radiotherapy (tratamiento con radiación para destruir las células cancerosas).
4. Radiosurgery or SRS (high-precision radiotherapy delivered in a few sessions).
5. Hormone therapy (para frenar el crecimiento del tumor).
6. Chemotherapy (in advanced or resistant cases).

What Are the Differences Between Surgery, Radiotherapy, and Radiosurgery?

Treatment	What Does It Involve?	Advantages	Possible side effects

Surgery

Complete removal of the prostate through surgery

Physical elimination of the tumor.

Risk of urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, slower recovery.

Radiotherapy

Use of radiation to destroy cancer cells, either externally or internally (brachytherapy)

No incision required, fast recovery, preservation of healthy tissues.

Temporary urinary or rectal irritation, mild fatigue.

Radiosurgery or SRS

Ultra-precise radiotherapy in 1–5 sessions Treatment available at our Medical Center – Learn more

Outpatient treatment, painless, high precision, minimal damage to healthy tissues.

Mild and temporary discomfort.

What Are the Advantages of Radiotherapy Compared to Surgery?

• No hospitalization or general anesthesia required.
• Lower risk of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction..
• Almost immediate recovery, allowing patients to resume activities within a few days.
• Can be applied even if the patient is not a candidate for surgery due to other health conditions.

What Is Radiosurgery and When Is It Recommended for Prostate Cancer?

Radiosurgery is not traditional surgery but an advanced form of radiotherapy guided by real-time imaging.
It is recommended for:

• Patients with localized prostate cancer.
• People who want a quick treatment (1 to 5 sessions).
• Patients who cannot undergo surgery due to other medical conditions.
• Learn more about Radiosurgery

Frequently Asked Questions About Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer

1. Does radiotherapy hurt?
No, the treatment is painless and performed on an outpatient basis.

2. Will I lose my sexual function with radiotherapy?
There is a risk, but it is lower than with surgery, and most patients maintain their sexual function.

3. Will radiotherapy make me radioactive?
No. After treatment you can safely be around your family without any risk.

Conclusion

Prostate cancer has multiple treatment options. Radiotherapy and radiosurgery are effective, safe, and less invasive alternatives to traditional surgery, offering a high probability of tumor control with fast recovery.
The key lies in el diagnóstico temprano early diagnosis and in choosing, together with your doctor, the most appropriate option for your case.